After nearly three years of wrangling over reforming asylum laws and tightening strictures, the European Union has reached an agreement that supporters call "historic," but critics say the new rules violate the individual right to asylum and pave the way for Blackmail opens up the exploitation of migrants and refugees as leverage in political contests.

Afghan Voice Agency (AVA): After nearly three years of arguing over the reform of the asylum law and the tightening of strictures, the European Union reached an agreement that supporters consider "historic" and critics emphasize "an individual right to asylum."
 
Major European countries, including Spain, Germany, France, Great Britain, Italy, and the Netherlands, have lined up against the current conditions of accepting immigrants, while left-wing critics have emphasized that the reason for this action is to control the increase in popular favor of the right-wing in the union.
 
Politicians in Europe believe that one of the ways to deal with the growing vote for right-wing policies is to strictly control the entry of asylum seekers and their expenses.
 
It seems that in this regard, the immigration bill has been approved in the French National Assembly with 349 votes in favor - with the agreement of the majority of the moderate party and the right wing - against 186 votes.
 
Marine Le Pen, the leader of the French right-wing party (National Consensus), called the approval of the new immigration law in this country as an ideological victory, despite the fact that the majority of voters for this plan are considered to be from Emmanuel Macron's moderate party.
 
But it is not only the French government that has new plans to protect its borders from the arrival of asylum seekers; The Social Democratic government of Germany, led by Olaf Schultz, as one of the most influential countries in the European Union, which over the past decade has had extensive plans to accept immigrants and prevent the adoption of laws against refugees in the European Union, has enacted new laws for 2024 that limit financial services. and facilitates and accelerates the deportation of asylum seekers whose applications have not been accepted at the Federal Office for Migration and Refugees (BAMF).
 
The British House of Commons, with the support of that country's government, has approved the strict "Rwanda Agreement" plan to deal with illegal immigrants - despite months of opposition from human rights groups - according to which these people will be transferred to a third country until their application is clarified.
 
Greece, Italy and Spain have also considered similar programs to limit the acceptance of asylum seekers in these countries in the past months. Also, with the victory of the extreme right party (Freedom) in the parliamentary elections of the Netherlands, the first plan of this party to close the borders to immigrants has been announced.
 
Now, according to the "New Deal on Migration and Asylum" in Europe, which was first proposed in September 2020, the negotiators in the Union have agreed on the rules that pave the way for a definitive agreement before the European Parliament elections in June. Asylum procedures will be reviewed at the external borders and with the "forced solidarity" mechanism.
 
As a result of the agreement on the adoption of this law, the deportation of asylum seekers who have a low chance of being accepted outside the borders of Europe has been accelerated, and the people whose percentage of asylum acceptance is not high are kept in centers outside the borders of the Union and their applications are processed.
 
According to this law, the screening method includes the quick review of the asylum seeker's personal information and the collection of biometric information to prevent duplicate claims in a large database, and the time to review the cases will be reduced to 12 weeks.
 
In the new law, none of the member states of the Union are forced to accept refugees and can participate in this issue through financial support, and the responsible authorities are allowed to apply stricter measures to accept refugees for crisis situations similar to those of 2015 and 2016.
 
But what "Roberta Metsula", the president of the European Parliament, referred to as a "historic day" for the most important legal agreement of the European Union after 10 years, has been described by critics as cruel and dangerous.
 
Supporters of this plan have considered the massive wave of immigration after the Corona epidemic, the escalation of conflicts in African countries, the return of the "Taliban" and the war in Ukraine as an irreparable blow to some EU member states.
 
On the other hand, at least 50 non-governmental organizations such as "Amnesty International", "Oxfam", "Caritas" and "Prazol" issued an open letter on December 18, warning about the results of this agreement, considering it with risks that could lead to the formation of a "costly system".
 
Stephanie Pope, an EU migration expert at Oxfam Institute, rejecting the effectiveness of the new European rules on refugees, believes that the new treaty is not capable of reforming the critical asylum structure in the EU and will only lead to "increased detentions, more retreats and Doubtful transactions with non-European countries.
 
The Pope has warned that the conclusion of migration deals with countries outside the European Union is a sign of failure to improve the asylum system and opens the way for blackmail by exploiting migrants and refugees as leverage in political contests.
 
Amnesty International has also identified the new asylum laws as the cause of double human suffering and stated that this agreement is designed in a way that makes it more difficult for people to access safe conditions.
 
According to critics, the new laws in practice risk violating B's obligationsIt will lead to international discrimination against refugees and violation of human rights laws and will undermine the rights of people who need protection.
 
Immigration experts who oppose the recent agreement of EU countries also believe that these laws are not in line with the strict monitoring and control of the process of granting asylum to people, but provide the opportunity to escape from accepting the responsibility of EU member states in the field of refugee protection.
 
Some left-wing groups of the European Parliament, while seriously opposing the approval of the new immigration agreement, called this day a black day and declared that the agreed immigration and asylum agreement is "the most important attack on asylum and immigration rights" since the establishment of the European Union.
 
Despite all the criticism, the European Union and major European countries have decided to stop the current process of granting asylum to citizens of other countries, and new conditions for accepting immigrants are to be considered anyway, the results and consequences of which will directly affect the citizens.